1867 Annual Event: Museum opened with the text high-level math courses fierce infighting caused the Qing

Founded in 1862 with the text of the Capital Museum, is the only direct leadership of the highest political level by the late Qing reform of institutions. The original purpose of its establishment, is realizing the language barrier and foreign representations, often because the words do not convey the little things lead to a big lead to blood in sacrifice. Based on this urgent and realistic needs of start-up did not encounter too much resistance. But in 1867, Christine and the pro-Wang Yixin Zeng, Li and other reformist ministers recognized the "all are from the Western arithmetic out" of the "new ideas" and decided to count the same culture Astronomy Museum Zengshe Science Museum, they challenge the traditional China's ideological bottom line, and thus led to a clear imperial power at the highest level of fierce infighting. The results will suffer, and thus delay the reform of the late Qing self for many years.

Court decided to set up astronomical arithmetic Museum 1858 "Sino-British Treaty of Tianjin" expressly provides: "Subsequently, both the British documents written in English, Chinese language is still being delivery, send students to learn English as soon as Chinese, English, familiar with, that no distribution of Chinese language. From now on, in case the diction debate place, the total in English for justice. " This is a direct stimulus to the Qing court established in 1862 with high-level cultural museum, specifically to develop much-needed translation of foreign talent. Hall set up with the beginning of the text, simply learning English, French, Russian language schools in the three countries. But with the advance of self-strengthening movement, Zeng, Zuo, Li, etc. began to perceive, to effectively "learning technology", create their guns and cannons, they have to learn manufacturing principles, and to learn manufacturing principles, the Chinese classics, history education to traditional education as the main talent has been unable to meet the delivery. Feng was a famous foreign affairs thinker that said: "All are from the arithmetic of Western." Today this view seems not entirely accurate, but it points to the crucial point - to study Western science and technology, you must train with the arithmetic, physics, chemistry, natural sciences, basic knowledge of intellectuals, is not enough just to learn foreign languages of. In such kind of a background, Prince Kung and Yi-xin Zeng, Li, Zuo, who in 1866 petitioned the court in the capital at the end of the official text of the museum with astronomical arithmetic Tim Hall is located, the reason is clear - "foreigners Firearms and other pieces of manufacturing equipment, and sailing camp, and both come from the astronomical arithmetic. "

Head-on collision: Prince Gong leaders Woren twice with Scholastic debate It should be said, Yixin, who greeted the move may be the resistance of certain pre-existing psychological preparation. In the memorial, the Yixin advance to the court hit a shot: "On those who are not police, must move as a matter of no great urgency to Chendeng who must have in order to care for non-Westerners were from France, even and people have to lead from China's deep shame for the Westerners who, euphemistically behind the times also. Fu of China should seek self-improvement, today it urgent to carry on, fitters did not dare to adopt Western, foreign control of self-control way. " Empress has been petitioned under the control of the top leadership of the Qing court approval. Astronomy Museum in arithmetic successfully entered the preparatory stage at the same time, a surge of resistance against the undercurrent is also quietly together. March 5, 1867 (Gregorian calendar, the same below), Yu Shi Zhangsheng algae monitoring a paper memorial, and finally set off this big controversy. Zhang said the memorial in the accused: court order Kejia origin of the "right path" and ingenuity of these things to learn, but also with the promotion or silver reward to the temptation to fame is heavy, light integrity! Such a way, would "read the book of Confucius and Mencius, learning Yao and Shun Road" and "right path" and in the wrong direction. Prince Gong and others in the operation, Zhang Sheng algae memorial decree severely rejected by the emperor. Decree says, astronomy, arithmetic is the scholar should learn the knowledge, not as "artful"! Zhang Sheng algae is suppressed, the late Qing Shihlin leaders, scholar Woren personally debut, Prince Yi Xin Gong began with two rounds of intense debate. Woren is the famous late Qing Dynasty Neo-Confucian, the literati at the time which enjoy high prestige. Chih dynasty, Woren and Li Tong-order, Wu Tingdong together "at home and three yin", the Tong Wen Guan dispute occurs, the order has died Tong Li, Wu Tingdong have to grow old and return home, Woren as Imperial Master, independent capital, status also more respect. Two other famous imperial future teachers - Xu Tong and Weng, at this time is not far from the prestige compared with Woren. March 20, Woren memorial and straight against imperial origin of the scholar under the tutelage of the "barbarians", that it will shake this country, and finally to "change the summer in the barbarians', heavenly glory will be the cultural orthodoxy of crude barbarians replaced by science, there is the subjugation of the suffering. Zhang Sheng court can not treat algae there, on the Woren dismiss the matter. Woren's influence can not be ignored, memorial day, the Empress Dowager Liang Gong immediately summoned Woren, but talk is not happy, no consensus was reached. Subsequently, the problem is thrown to the leadership of Prince Gong and his Yamen. April 6, Yamen took a very long memorial, opened reiterated the importance of astronomy and arithmetic Hall Scholars enrolled Kejia Museum admission into the astronomical arithmetic necessity. Memorial in the most critical technical treatment, is Woren repeatedly stressed the "change in the summer of barbarians," avoided, but the talk of the depth of the crisis and the "self-reliance" urgent. In order to Woren pressure, and also attached Zeng, Zuo, Li and other large foreign affairs minister Memorials letters. Finally, Yixin will be a Woren an Army: The Scholar as this is not feasible that we will Wangguo, certainly do not want to come with power good policy. If the scholar is indeed another good way, leaving a foreign country can not suppress the bullying, the Chendeng from when to follow the scholar, trying to serve, carefully organize it. If no other good way, just talk of loyalty, manners, that these foreigners can be uniform, Chendeng really can not believe it. The first round ended. April 12, Woren another memorial, not only stuck to their guns, and anti-Yixin, who will be the one army. Woren said: "specific enough to let the barbarians to teach math this matter, if the Wangda Chen really sure that the school will be able to master arithmetic, will be able to build elaborate machines out of China will not be decent people will be reading used by the barbarians; barbarians ugly class will be wiped out by China, is reported to the king, the next stretch anger, would not Praise! if not done, but the first loss of the moral people, it is better not to offer astronomical arithmetic Museum. " Woren Yixin this run really touched the soft underbelly. April 23, Yixin memorial admit they can not do such a guarantee. Yixin said: "the kind described as Woren grasp Chendeng not guaranteed. Chendeng just try to do the dedication should do something, to do something, as the success of Li Dun, even Han Chen Liang, also unpredictable, not to mention Chendeng! " But as a counter, Yixin has caught Woren a weakness in the last memorial to attack. Yixin said: "Last of the scholar said, the world's great, do not suffer without it, to learn arithmetic, do not under the tutelage of the barbarians. Then be able to sponsor the University Shiken several people, the minister please choose to separate a arithmetic Hall, football division is responsible for recruitment by the Woren professor, in order to observe its effectiveness. " Woren This time really stumped. April 25, he had honestly memorial, saying that "no person skilled in astronomical arithmetic, can not jump to Paul." But the court is clearly some ton of bricks, decreed that asked him to look at any visits, once to find their own person skilled in arithmetic, Paul immediately played, arithmetic Museum opened to receive results. On the same day, the court gave Woren a new job: walking in the Prime Minister Yamen national affairs. "Walk" is a free government, but Woren always high publicizing "Yi Xia defense" that he go to a special court for the barbarian Yamen "walk", obviously intended to Zheru the Shihlin leader. Finally, Woren to the patients refused to go to work Yamen. This lasted for six months to combat high-level confrontation to an end.

Hidden conflict: Scholars boycott, arithmetic Museum in name only Woren hidden disease, the debate is far from over. Woren a series of many supporters, the court received one after another attacked the memorial museum opened arithmetic. Some memorials are very strong words, such as alternate Bachelor Zhongpei Xian Shi Du Cabinet, took the ground the first year of the drought, which is critical due to the court deliberately make things difficult Woren; candidate Zhili Yang Tingxi know the state, put the year drought does not cause rain attributed to the court opened a math museum, and even extended to the same culture museum criticism, said Tong Wen Guan name is Song traitor CAI framed good people of the prison prison name, the proposed arithmetic Museum and Tong Wen Guan be abolished, so it can stop and bring disaster the initiation, correct customs values, bridging the days change, adapt to people. Yang Tingxi the memorial by the decree of the court denounced. Decree and the Woren disease hidden behind the accusations of Yangting Xi's, after being asked Woren sick to go to work immediately to the Yamen. When Woren again petitioned on the disease, the court denied the Imperial Academy palm homeopathic hospital management of household affairs degree and terms of reference. On the surface, the Tong Wen Guan storm the court and Yixin stand together, to use administrative means to suppress the Woren a series of views, won, astronomy, arithmetic Museum also been set up. But this "victory" is very bleak, or simply can not be called "victory", the anti-available "fiasco" to describe it. And one reason is: Because Woren the fray, creating a serious social pressure of public opinion, led to astronomical arithmetic less than what the examination hall almost came to recruit the "right track people." First admission, "only a handful of candidates who the right path", Yixin, who had no option but to non-examination of mixed origin who also compiled together to get a total of only 98 people. Exam, there are 26 people absent. Finally, reluctantly admitted the 30, six months after the case examination, but also out of the 20 "there is no effect of the students", the last remaining 10 people, had merged with the foreign student hall. Open only six months, the arithmetic astronomy museum that exists in name only. Li Yuelin "Spring wild ride ice room," he said: those who came from the imperial examination, "the word Museum Caolang", are learning arithmetic as shame, "not even one person who is willing to admission," the traditional ideology of intellectuals at the insistence, evident. Most people Lament is Woren against Kejia origin of the "right path" and follow the "barbarians" to learn math the most important reason, is worried that these Kejia scholars - the mainstay of imperial ideology - will be cunning of the "barbarians" lure of assimilation, to the detriment of the founding of the empire; However, the reason Yixin, who has been insisting that the imperial examination origin of the "right path" and to follow the "barbarians" to learn arithmetic, this is exactly the point of departure , Yixin that only received strict ideology of science education in the "right track" and to be able to "deliberately Chia Tai", not "to lure foreigners from going astray." The same starting point, the same concerns, but led to a dramatic high-level infighting.